Disease and Treatment demodex in dogs.

Normally, ticks demodek known as the fauna that lived in all dogs. However, these mites will multiply if the dog is experiencing a decline in the immune system (immunodeficiency) ata in stressful conditions (immunosuppressed).

The dogs that have a tendency immunosuppressed are:
     - Dogs are in a new environment

     - Young dogs under the age of 1.5 years.

     - Being in anti-cancer treatment.

     - High-dose corticosteroids and long-term.

     - Cushing's Disease / hyperadrenocorticsm.

     - Hypotyrodism

     - Dogs that are suffering from cancer.

Demodek also occur because of genetic / hereditary. Dog breeds that are often encountered in our clinic and the disease is lower in children is Purebred Dachshund, Chow Chow, Shar-Pei, German Shepherp (AGJ), Rottweiler and Pug. Should female dogs who have experienced this disease is not bred to cut the transmission demodek disease.

Demodek not very contagious among dogs, however demodek lice transfer from parent to children can occur after a 3-day-old chicks.


Clinical signs:
       

* On the skin: Pitak-bald, crusty, red, sometimes itchy, arising blackheads, and pain if there is secondary infection. 

     

* Position emergence demodek usually on the head, front legs, snout, tail, and there are also some dogs that attacked only the feet and ear area only.
      

* In the general case, there demodek almost throughout the body and is usually accompanied by a secondary infection Pyoderma.

diagnosis:

Performed on skin scrapings are somewhat in the middle of the lesion / affected skin area between the edge of the boundary demodek to intact skin and skin wounds. Then given a 10% KOH droplets to be seen under a microscope. Generally will look demodek eggs and adult fleas.


treatment:

Case 1. demodek local / local.
 

* We recommend that you be bathed with shampoo containing Benzoyl Peroxide ointment once a week or given Rotenone (goodwinol) every day.
 

* Amitraz Dissolve 0.3ml in 30ml of water to rub the bald areas once daily for 2 weeks.  

* Give Vitamin E alone, sometimes local demodek can heal by itself.
 

* Evaluation of skin scrapings 2 weeks after treatment.

If within 2 weeks demodek lice are still found in the evaluation of skin scrapings, and even a spread kepitakan the skin, it is generally the case demodek be demodek general.

Case 2. demodek general:

* Bathe with 0.025% Amitraz (amitraz 25ml mixed with 10 liters of water) bath 4 times in 1 week, and then lowered to 6 times a bath for 2 weeks. If within 2 months of consecutive negative skin scrapings from the demodek lice treatment can be stopped.
 

* Give oral antibiotics (Cephalexin, trimethoprim-sulfa, or Oxacilin) if there is a secondary infection (Pyoderma fuliculitis).
 

* If the case can be given Ivermectin stubborn demodeknya 200-600μg / kg PO once daily for 14 days. Or injection of 300 mg / kg SC days 1 and 14.
 

* Monitor within 1 year to evaluate the possibility of recurrence.
 

* Consider a balanced diet and good for the skin.  

* Evaluation of skin scrapings 1 week.

3.If there is itching, give an antihistamine drug alone. Do not give cortisone preparations in case demodek may worsen and does not cure the disease.

Note:

Invermectin should not be given to dogs Collie, Shetland Sheepdog, Old English Sheepdog, and mix breeds / offspring.

  

Amitraz has side effects:

At a dose of medication can cause symptoms:

1 Depression, sleepiness during 2-6 hours.

2. appetite.

3 Vomiting and mild diarrhea.

4. PU / PD (thirst and urination).

 
At high doses, can cause symptoms:

1 CNS Depression.

2 mydriasis, hupothermia, bradcardia, hypotension, muscle weakness and vomiting.

3 Diabetes is not normal.

4. ataxia and other neurological symptoms.

5. Death often occurs in dogs with body weight under 9 kg.

 
The way to treat poisoning caused by Amitraz:

Over 1 dose because the bath: As soon bathed and rinsed again.

Over 2 doses because terminum / licked: Give Norit or drug induced vomiting. The best thing is to give antidota Yohimbine 0.1-0.2 mg / kg IV or SC. Treatment may be given again after 2 hours of the first suntuikan.

3 For the supportive treatment, give IV saline infusion, if necessary, may be given anti-vomiting and body warmers.

Unfortunately there is no antidota / antidote for poisoning Invermectin or Milbemycin.